The term ‘secular’ was added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by _________.

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976

Explanation:

The term ‘secular’ was added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976. This amendment is also known as the "Mini Constitution" because it made several significant changes to the Indian Constitution.

Information Booster:

42nd Amendment Act, 1976 - Key Features:

• Known as the "Mini Constitution" due to its extensive changes (59 clauses).
• Preamble Changes:
• Added the terms "socialist," "secular," and "integrity."
• Fundamental Duties:
• Introduced a new Part IV-A, mandating Fundamental Duties.
• President’s Role:
• Made the President bound by the advice of the Cabinet.
• Constitutional Amendments:
• Limited judicial review of constitutional amendments.
• Directive Principles of State Policy:
• Laws made to implement Directive Principles cannot be struck down for violating Fundamental Rights.
• Added three new Directive Principles.
• Tenure of Legislatures:
• Increased the tenure of the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies from 5 to 6 years.
• Judiciary Reforms:
• Provided for the creation of All India Judicial Services.
• Tribunal Provisions:
• Introduced Part XIV-A(Article 323A, 323B) establishing administrative and other specialized tribunals.

Additional Knowledge:

45th Amendment Act, 1980:

• Key Features:
• This Amendment was primarily focused on reservations in legislatures.
• It extended the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for another 10 years, until 1990.
• The Act also made certain changes to the provisions of the 10th Schedule (related to the disqualification of members of Parliament or State Assemblies due to defection).