Which of the following means of transport is cheapest for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is Waterways because they are the cheapest means of transport for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances. Water transport, especially through ships and barges, can carry a vast quantity of goods at lower costs due to the minimal friction and energy requirements compared to road, rail, or air transport.

Information Booster:

·       Waterways offer the most cost-effective solution for transporting large volumes of goods, particularly over international and intercontinental distances.

·       Fuel efficiency in waterways is higher because ships can carry vast amounts of cargo with relatively less fuel consumption.

·       Bulk cargo such as coal, oil, grains, and minerals is often transported through waterways.

·       Environmental impact is also lower in comparison to other modes of transport.

·       Waterways are essential for global trade as they connect countries and continents, making them vital for heavy and long-distance freight transport.

Additional Knowledge:

·       Airways: Although air transport is the fastest, it is also the most expensive, especially for bulky and heavy goods. It is used primarily for high-value, perishable, or urgent cargo, rather than heavy and bulky goods.

·       Roadways: Road transport is suitable for short to medium distances and for smaller, more flexible shipments. However, it becomes costly to transport heavy or bulky goods over long distances due to fuel and vehicle maintenance costs.

·       Railways: Railways are effective for long-distance transport of heavy goods, especially inland, but they are more expensive than waterways when it comes to international trade. Railways are often used for specific regions or countries where rail networks are extensive.

·       Waterways: This is the most cost-efficient mode for transporting heavy and bulky goods over long distances, especially across seas and oceans. Shipping has low per-unit transportation costs, making it ideal for large-scale cargo movement.