Which of the following is true regarding Nyaya view of invariable concomitance?
(A) It is determined by inductive process of reasoning which corresponds to Mill's method of agreement and method of difference.

(B) It is based on concomitance of affirmatives that wherever a product exists the material cause thereof exists.

(C) It is based on the concomitance of negatives that wherever a material cause does not exist the product thereof does not exist.

(D) Nyaya view of inductive process does not correspond to Mill's method of agreement and method of difference.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is D

The Nyaya school of philosophy holds that invariable concomitance (Vyapti) is determined through an inductive process similar to Mill’s methods of agreement and difference. Nyaya philosophers use both positive and negative concomitance to establish a cause-effect relationship. Statement (A) is correct because the method of agreement and the method of difference are inductive techniques, and the Nyaya school also relies on these to validate invariable concomitance. Statements (B) and (C) are also true as they describe the affirmative and negative aspects of concomitance, which Nyaya uses to assert causal relations.
Information Booster: 1. Vyapti refers to the universal concomitance of a cause and its effect, a central concept in Nyaya logic.
2. Positive concomitance means that if the cause exists, the effect must exist (e.g., if there’s fire, there is smoke).
3. Negative concomitance asserts that if the cause doesn’t exist, the effect won’t either (e.g., no fire, no smoke).
4. Mill’s methods are a set of rules for determining cause-and-effect relationships through systematic observation.
5. The Nyaya system prioritizes logical rigor and empirical verification, much like Mill’s empirical methods.
Additional Knowledge: · Mill's method of agreement: Observes that if multiple instances of a phenomenon have only one factor in common, that factor may be the cause.
· Mill's method of difference: Observes that if a phenomenon occurs in one instance and is absent in a similar instance where only one factor differs, that differing factor may be the cause.
· Nyaya philosophy: A school of Indian philosophy that emphasizes logic, epistemology, and debate.