Which of the following is correct about the impact of stress on the immune system of an individual?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is option 4 because cortisol, a hormone released during stress, suppresses the immune system, especially by reducing the effectiveness of T cells, which are critical for immune response. Cortisol inhibits the production of cytokines and interferes with the function of immune cells, leading to a weakened immune response.
​
Information Booster
-Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress.
-T cells are vital for adaptive immunity and are involved in recognizing and attacking pathogens.
-Stress Response: When stress occurs, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis is activated, leading to the release of cortisol.
-Chronic stress can result in elevated cortisol levels, which suppress the immune response, making individuals more vulnerable to infections.
-Cortisol's Role: While short-term cortisol release is adaptive, long-term elevated cortisol harms the immune system by interfering with immune cell production and function.
-Immune Suppression: High cortisol levels can reduce the number and activity of T cells, -which are crucial for fighting infections.
-Other Effects of Chronic Stress: Prolonged stress may also lead to increased blood pressure, increased inflammation, and reduced ability to heal.