Which of the following controls bladder pressure?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) the Nervous System

Explanation:

• The Nervous System plays a crucial role in controlling bladder pressure by regulating the storage and release of urine.
• The autonomic nervous system (ANS), particularly the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, controls bladder contractions and the opening/closing of the urethral sphincter.
• The brain (pons and cerebral cortex) coordinates voluntary and involuntary control over urination.
• Damage to the nervous system (due to spinal cord injury, stroke, or neurological disorders) can lead to bladder dysfunction.

Information Booster:

How the Nervous System Controls Bladder Pressure:

• Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS): Helps in urine storage by relaxing the bladder muscle (detrusor) and contracting the urethral sphincter.
• Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS): Controls urination by contracting the bladder and relaxing the urethral sphincter.
• Somatic Nervous System: Allows voluntary control over urination through the external urethral sphincter.
• Brain Centers: The pons and cerebral cortex help regulate when and where to urinate.

Additional Knowledge:

Kidney

• The kidneys are bean-shaped organs responsible for filtering blood, removing waste, and balancing fluids in the body.
• They regulate electrolytes, produce hormones (like erythropoietin for RBC production), and maintain acid-base balance.
• The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which filters waste and reabsorbs essential nutrients.

Blood Pressure

• Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood against artery walls, measured in systolic (heart contracts) and diastolic (heart relaxes) pressure.
• Normal BP is 120/80 mmHg. High BP (Hypertension) increases heart disease risk, while low BP (Hypotension) can cause dizziness or shock.
• BP is regulated by the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and nervous system through hormones like renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and adrenaline.

Heart:

• The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients while removing waste.
• It has four chambers:
  • Right atrium & Right ventricle (pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs).
  • Left atrium & Left ventricle (pump oxygenated blood to the body).
• The heartbeats due to electrical impulses from the sinoatrial (SA) node, known as the natural pacemaker.