Correct option is C
The correct answer is (a) and (d).
Child-centered strategies in teaching Environmental Studies (EVS) at the primary level focus on engaging students actively in the learning process and tailoring instruction to their interests and needs.
Discussion: Discussion encourages interaction, critical thinking, and expression of ideas. It involves students in the learning process and allows them to share their perspectives.
Survey: Surveys involve students actively collecting data, forming questions, anaexploring their environment. This approach fosters engagement and aligns with child-centered strategies.
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Demonstration: Demonstration is a useful teaching method, it may not inherently be child-centered unless it actively involves students in hands-on activities or experiments related to the environmental studies.
Lecture: Lecture-based teaching is traditionally more teacher-centered, as it involves the instructor imparting information to students. It might not align as closely with child-centered strategies.