Which Indian personality floated the concept of 'Chiti' which encompasses individual consciousness, national consciousness and cosmic consciousness?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is c) Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya.
The concept of 'Chiti' is a central pillar of Upadhyaya’s philosophy of Integral Humanism (Ekatma Manav-vad), which he presented in 1965 as an indigenous socio-economic model for India.

Information Booster :
In Deen Dayal Upadhyaya's thought, 'Chiti' represents the "national soul" or the innate nature of a nation. It is the touchstone upon which a nation's progress and survival depend.

Definition: He described 'Chiti' as the collective consciousness of a society that has been formed over centuries. Just as an individual has a soul, a nation has a soul that defines its unique character, values, and direction.

The Three Dimensions: * Individual Consciousness: The realization of the four-fold needs of a human being—Dharma (ethics), Artha (means/wealth), Kama (desire), and Moksha (liberation).

National Consciousness: This is the 'Chiti' itself. When a nation acts in accordance with its 'Chiti', it thrives. If it tries to imitate others or acts against its own nature, it suffers from identity crises and decay.

Cosmic Consciousness: Upadhyaya argued that national consciousness must eventually harmonize with the rest of the world and the universe. There is an organic link between the individual, the society, the nation, and the entire cosmos.

Virat: Related to 'Chiti' is the concept of 'Virat', which he described as the power that keeps the various organs of the nation (the people, the culture, the state) together and energized, similar to the life-force in a human body.

Additional Information :
Sri Aurobindo: While he wrote extensively on national consciousness and the "Soul of India," he used terms like 'Bhavani Bharati' or the spiritual evolution of consciousness. His focus was more on the transformation of the human mind into the 'Supermind.'

Veer Savarkar: His primary contribution was the concept of 'Hindutva', which focused on cultural and political identity based on geography, race, and culture (Common Holy Land and Fatherland).

Rammohan Roy: Known as the "Father of Modern India," his focus was on social reform, rationalism, and the synthesis of monotheism with Western liberal thought.