When a public official fails or refuses to discharge his or her designated public or quasi-public duty, which of the following writs is issued under Article 32 of the Indian Constitution to make him/her perform that designated duty?

Correct option is A

The writ of Mandamus is issued under Article 32 or Article 226 of the Indian Constitution to compel a public official, authority, or government body to perform their public or statutory duty when they fail or refuse to do so. It ensures that the designated duty is performed as required by law.
Explanation of Options:
1. (a) Mandamus:
· Correct. The term "Mandamus" means "we command." It is issued to enforce the performance of public duties mandated by law.
· Example: A court may issue Mandamus if a public authority fails to issue a license that the applicant is entitled to receive.
2. (b) Prohibition:
· Incorrect. The writ of Prohibition is issued to judicial or quasi-judicial authorities to prevent them from exceeding their jurisdiction or acting contrary to law.
3. (c) Certiorari:
· Incorrect. The writ of Certiorari is issued to a lower court or tribunal, directing it to transfer a case to a higher authority due to a lack of jurisdiction or an error of law.
4. (d) Quo Warranto:
· Incorrect. The writ of Quo Warranto challenges the legality of a person’s claim to hold a public office. It seeks to prevent unauthorized occupation of a public post.
Information Booster:
1. Article 32:
· Grants individuals the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights through writs like Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto.
2. Key Features of Mandamus:
· Can only be issued for public duties, not private obligations.
· Cannot be issued against the President, Governor, or judges of higher courts in their official capacities.
· Ensures accountability and rule of law in public administration.