Vishwa Bharti ashram was founded by

Correct option is A

Visva-Bharati was founded as an educational institution and international university by Rabindranath Tagore, evolving from the original Santiniketan Ashram.
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Explanation of the correct answer in pointers in detail
· Founding of Visva-Bharati: Rabindranath Tagore formally established the educational center at Santiniketan in 1901 (initially as Brahmacharyasrama) and expanded it into Visva-Bharati in December 1921.
· Ideology and Vision: Tagore envisioned Visva-Bharati as an international cultural hub where the world meets in a single nest ( Yatra Visvam Bhavatyeka Nidam). It promoted universal humanism, creative self-expression through arts, and harmony with nature.
· Pedagogical Approach: Tagore rejected rigid, walled classrooms, pioneering open-air schooling beneath trees based on the ancient Indian Tapoban (forest hermitage) ideal.
· National Significance: Visva-Bharati was later declared a Central University and an Institution of National Importance by an Act of Parliament in 1951.
Additional Knowledge:
Explanation of the other options apart from the correct statements
· Aurobindo (Sri Aurobindo):
· Why it is not correct: Sri Aurobindo was a revolutionary turned spiritual philosopher who founded the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in Puducherry (Pondicherry) in 1926 along with Mirra Alfassa (The Mother), focusing on Integral Yoga and Integral Education.
· Debendra Nath Tagore (Maharshi Devendranath Tagore):
· Why it is not correct: While Maharshi Devendranath Tagore (father of Rabindranath Tagore) established the original Santiniketan Ashram retreat in 1863 as a meditation site for Brahmo seekers, he did not found Visva-Bharati. Visva-Bharati as an educational institution and university was institutionalized and developed by his son, Rabindranath Tagore.
· M. N. Roy (Manabendra Nath Roy):
· Why it is not correct: M. N. Roy was a prominent political theorist, founder of the Communist Party of India (in Tashkent), and creator of the Radical Humanism philosophy. He had no direct connection with establishing Visva-Bharati or the Santiniketan Ashram.