Constitutional amendment – 42nd is also called to "Mini Constitution of India" because

Correct option is A

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 is widely known as the "Mini-Constitution of India" because it brought widespread, comprehensive, and fundamental changes to a vast number of provisions within the Indian Constitution.
Information Booster:
· Massive Scope and Structural Changes: Enacted in 1976 during the National Emergency under the Indira Gandhi government, the 42nd Amendment made sweeping modifications across the Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, Fundamental Duties, and the judiciary, earning it the moniker "Mini-Constitution" due to its sheer volume and structural reach.
· Preamble Alterations: It added three new key terms to the Preamble of the Constitution: "Socialist", "Secular", and "Integrity".
· Insertion of Fundamental Duties: Based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee, it incorporated Part IV-A into the Constitution, introducing the original 10 Fundamental Duties under Article 51A.
· Shift in Legislative Control (Education Included): It transferred five subject areas from the State List to the Concurrent List, namely Education, Forests, Weights & Measures, Protection of Wild Animals and Birds, and Administration of Justice.
· Judicial and Executive Changes: It attempted to reduce the power of the High Courts and Supreme Court regarding judicial review, bound the President to act strictly on the advice of the Council of Ministers, and extended the term of the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies from 5 to 6 years (which was later restored to 5 years by the 44th Amendment).
Additional Knowledge:
· Includes fundamental rights in the part: Part III of the Constitution contained Fundamental Rights right from the original adoption of the Constitution in 1950. While the 42nd Amendment added new Directive Principles ( Articles 39, 39A, 43A, and 48A) and Part IV-A (Fundamental Duties), it did not introduce Fundamental Rights as a new part, nor is this the reason for its title as the Mini-Constitution.
· Education was shifted from State list to Concurrent list: While the 42nd Amendment did transfer Education to the Concurrent List, this specific transfer was merely one individual provision out of dozens of major modifications made by the Act; thus, this single subject shift does not define why the entire amendment is termed the "Mini-Constitution."
· Removed "Right to property" from the Constitution: The removal of the Right to Property from the list of Fundamental Rights (under Article 19(1){f} and Article 31) and making it a simple legal right under Article 300A was enacted by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 under the Janata Party government, not by the 42nd Amendment.