The study related to earthquakes is called:

Correct option is C

The correct answer is option (c) Seismology.

Explanation

Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves (seismic waves) through the Earth. Seismologists use various instruments, primarily seismographs, to detect and measure seismic waves, helping to understand the Earth's interior structure and the forces that lead to earthquakes. Seismology plays a crucial role in earthquake prediction, monitoring, and hazard assessment, aiming to minimize the impact of earthquakes on human populations and infrastructure.

Information Booster

• Seismology helps in understanding both small tremors and large earthquakes, providing critical information about the Earth's crust and mantle.

• Seismologists study seismic waves, which include primary (P) waves, secondary (S) waves, and surface waves, to assess the magnitude, epicenter, and depth of earthquakes.

• Seismographs are the instruments used to record seismic waves, and they are fundamental to seismology.

• Seismology also aids in understanding other geophysical phenomena, like volcanic activity and plate tectonics.

• Earthquake-resistant engineering and urban planning are based on data provided by seismology.

Additional Knowledge

Explaining the other options:

1. Geology: Geology is the broader study of the Earth, including its structure, materials, and processes, which may encompass earthquakes but also covers much more, such as rock formations, minerals, and Earth's history.

2. Seismograph: A seismograph is the instrument used to detect and record seismic waves caused by earthquakes. It is a tool that is integral to the study of seismology, but it is not the name of the field of study.

3. Tsunami: A tsunami refers to a series of large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides. While tsunamis are related to seismic events, the study of them is separate from seismology, focusing more on oceanography and wave dynamics.