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    ​The pathway for de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides involves the production of inosine monophosphate (IMP) that serves as a precursor for AMP
    Question

    The pathway for de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides involves the production of inosine monophosphate (IMP) that serves as a precursor for AMP and GMP synthesis. IMP has the base hypoxanthine whose structure is given below:

    If Hypoxanthine were incorporated into Double stranded DNA, which of the following option correctly represents the order of its pairing preference?

    A.

    adenine > thymine > guanine > cytosine

    B.

    cytosine > adenine > thymine > guanine

    C.

    guanine > adenine > thymine > cytosine

    D.

    cytosine > thymine > adenine > guanine

    Correct option is B

    Explanation-

    Hypoxanthine is a purine base that is found in inosine, a nucleoside (base + sugar). In DNA, hypoxanthine does not normally occur, but it can appear: As part of inosine in tRNA Or due to deamination of adenine, a process that converts adenine to hypoxanthine.
    Inosine monophosphate (IMP) is an intermediate in purine biosynthesis, leading to AMP and GMP.
    Base Pairing Rules-
    In normal DNA:
    Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) — 2 hydrogen bonds.
    Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C) — 3 hydrogen bonds.
    Hypoxanthine (in inosine) - 
    Structurally similar to guanine, but lacks the amino group at position 2.

    The nitrogenous bases with pairing Strength with Hypoxanthine (I) and their reasons-
    Cytosine (C) -  Strongest  -  2 stable hydrogen bonds — good shape and polarity match.
    Adenine (A)  -  Moderate  -  Forms 2 hydrogen bonds, less stable than with cytosine.
    Thymine (T)  -  Weaker    -  One or two weak hydrogen bonds possible.
    Guanine (G)  -   Weakest or negligible   - Bad shape match — both are purines; sterically unfavorable.

    So, the correct answer is option b - Cytosine > Adenine > Thymine > Guanine.

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