Correct option is A
Sol.
A is correct: When females provide more parental care, males compete more intensely for mates, leading to higher variance in male reproductive success than females.
B is correct: When only males provide care, females can mate more freely, resulting in higher variance in female reproductive success.
C is incorrect: Biparental care tends to equalize variance in reproductive success between sexes; males do not necessarily have significantly greater variance.
D is incorrect: Likewise, females do not necessarily have significantly greater variance under biparental care.
Information Booster:
Parental care influences mating systems and reproductive variance; greater care by one sex usually increases reproductive variance in the opposite sex.
This principle is part of sexual selection theory explaining differences in mating behavior and competition.
In biparental care systems, reproductive variance tends to be more balanced between males and females.
