Correct option is D
Explanation-
A. Alfred Wallace → ii. Theory of Evolution
Contribution: Wallace co-discovered the theory of natural selection independently of Darwin. His ideas pushed Darwin to publish On the Origin of Species.
B. Konrad Lorenz → iii. Ethology
Contribution: Known as the father of ethology (the study of animal behavior). Famous for his work on imprinting in geese and instinctive behaviors.
C. Joseph Banks → v. Botany
Contribution: An English botanist who took part in Captain Cook's first voyage, collecting and documenting numerous plant species. He played a key role in establishing botany as a scientific discipline.
D. E.O. Wilson → i. Sociobiology
Contribution: Pioneered the field of sociobiology, linking animal behavior and evolution. His book Sociobiology: The New Synthesis (1975) revolutionized biology by connecting genetics, behavior, and evolution.
E. Robert MacArthur and E.O. Wilson → iv. Island Biogeography
Contribution: Together, they developed the Theory of Island Biogeography, explaining species richness and distribution on islands. Their 1967 book laid the foundation for modern conservation biology.
Correct match - A–ii, B–iii, C–v, D–i, E–iv (Option d)
