Correct option is C
Explanation-
Analyzing Each Option:
Option a -Tracking resource availability - Correct function of dispersal.
Dispersal helps organisms move to areas where food, water, or other resources are more plentiful.
Option b - Providing mating opportunities - Correct function.
By moving away from their birthplace, organisms reduce inbreeding and increase access to unrelated mates.
Option c - Preventing species extinction - Not a direct function of dispersal behaviour.
While dispersal may contribute to long-term species survival by increasing genetic diversity or colonizing new habitats, the primary aim of dispersal is not to prevent extinction. Extinction is a broader evolutionary and ecological outcome, not a direct function or mechanism driving dispersal.
Option d - Avoiding pathogens - Correct function.
Dispersal can help organisms avoid areas with high parasite/pathogen loads or reduce disease transmission among closely related individuals.
Final Answer:
Option c: Preventing species extinction
