TestLIST I:	LIST II:
A. Summated Rating scale	I. Thurstone
B. Semantic differential scale	II. Guttman
C. Equal Appearing Interval Scale	III. Likert
D. Cumulative scale	IV. Osgood

Correct option is B

A. Summated Rating scale: This corresponds to Likert (III). The Likert scale is a summated rating scale, where respondents are asked to indicate their level of agreement with a statement (e.g., strongly agree to strongly disagree).

B. Semantic differential scale: This corresponds to Osgood (IV). The Semantic differential scale was developed by Charles Osgood. It measures the meaning of words and concepts by using a series of bipolar adjectives (e.g., good-bad, strong-weak).

C. Equal Appearing Interval Scale: This corresponds to Thurstone (I). Thurstone developed the Equal Appearing Interval scale, which uses statements to measure attitudes and assumes equal distances between each point on the scale.

D. Cumulative scale: This corresponds to Guttman (II). The Guttman scale is a cumulative scale where respondents are asked to respond to a series of items that build upon one another. It is used to measure attitudes or beliefs in a hierarchical manner.


Thus, the correct answer is Option (2) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

Information Booster
Semantic Differential Scale

Purpose: Measures the connotative meaning of a concept, object, or experience using bipolar adjectives.

Structure:
-Uses a series of scales with opposite adjectives at each end (e.g., Happy-Sad, Strong-Weak).
-Respondents mark a point between the two extremes to indicate their perception.

Scale Points:
-Typically a 5- or 7-point scale.
-Example: Happy :---:---:---:---: Sad.

Dimensions Measured:
-Evaluation (e.g., Good-Bad),
-Potency (e.g., Strong-Weak),
-Activity (e.g., Active-Passive).

Applications:
-Used in attitude research, brand perception studies, and psychological assessments.

Advantages:
-Simple and easy to administer.
-Captures nuanced emotional responses.

Limitations:
-Relies on subjective interpretation of adjectives.
-May not be suitable for all cultures or languages.

Thurstone's Equal-Appearing Intervals
Purpose: Measures attitudes by assigning scale values to statements based on their perceived favorability.

Development Process:
-A large pool of statements about a topic is created.
-Judges rate each statement on an 11-point scale (e.g., 1 = Extremely Unfavorable, 11 = Extremely Favorable).
-Statements are selected based on their median ratings and low variability (consensus among judges).

Final Scale:
-Includes 20-30 statements with evenly spaced scale values.
-Respondents indicate which statements they agree with.

Scoring:
-The respondent's score is the median value of the statements they agree with.

Applications:
-Used to measure attitudes toward social issues, products, or policies.