Parties act as a check against the tendency of absolutism which is also known as:

1. Caesarism

2. Bonapartism

3. Multi-partisan

Correct option is C

1. Caesarism (Option 1) and Bonapartism (Option 2) are both terms associated with absolutism or authoritarian rule, where power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader. These terms do not represent a check against absolutism; rather, they describe forms of absolutism itself. Therefore, they are not correct answers to the question.

2. Multi-partisan (Option 3 )refers to a system involving multiple political parties. In such a system, power is distributed among various groups, which inherently acts as a check against absolutism. Multi-partisan systems promote pluralism, accountability, and shared governance, preventing the concentration of power in the hands of a single individual or entity.

Why the Answer is Only 3:

• The question asks about parties acting as a check against absolutism. Multi-partisan systems, by definition, involve multiple parties that balance and limit each other's power, thereby preventing absolutism.

• Caesarism and Bonapartism are not checks against absolutism; they are forms of absolutism. Hence, they are not relevant to the question.