Match the LIST-I with LIST-II:

LIST-I (Types of Transport in Rivers)		LIST-II (Explanation)
A.	Saltation	I.	The chemical load is dissolved in the water
B.	Solution	II.	The heaviest material is dragged or rolled along the bed of the river
C.	Traction	III.	Leaves & twigs are carried on the surface of the river
D.	Flotation	IV.	Heavier particles are bounced along the bed of the river

Correct option is C

• Saltation (A-IV):

  • In this process, heavier particles (such as pebbles and small stones) are lifted and bounced along the riverbed.
  • The water's energy is insufficient to keep them permanently suspended, so they move in a leapfrogging motion.

• Solution (B-I):

  • This refers to the chemical load dissolved in river water.
  • Minerals like calcium carbonate and salts are carried in solution, making the water appear clear.

• Traction (C-II):

  • In this process, the heaviest material (boulders, large rocks) is dragged or rolled along the riverbed due to the strong flow of water.
  • It occurs in the upper course of rivers where velocity is high.

• Flotation (D-III):

  • This process transports light materials like leaves, twigs, and organic debris that float on the water surface.

Rivers transport sediment through four main processes:

1. Traction – Large particles like boulders roll along the bed.
2. Saltation – Medium-sized particles bounce along the bed.
3. Suspension – Fine particles (silt, clay) are carried within the water.
4. Solution – Dissolved minerals move with the river.