Correct option is D
Introduction
The theory of Plate Tectonics was developed in the mid-$20$th century, building upon earlier ideas of continental drift.
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Parker, Morgan, and McKenzie are all modern geophysicists who were directly involved in formulating the mathematical and geophysical models that established the theory of plate tectonics.
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Abraham Ortelius was a 16th-century Flemish cartographer who created the first modern atlas. He is noted for suggesting that the continents were joined before, but this was a pre-scientific observation, not an association with the modern theory of Plate Tectonics.
Information Booster
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Key Figure in Plate Tectonics: The theory of Plate Tectonics is a modern scientific concept (mid-20th century).
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Ortelius's Role:
Abraham Ortelius (1527-1598) was a Renaissance geographer and cartographer.
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Association: He is known for creating the first modern world atlas,
Theatrum Orbis Terrarum.
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Pre-scientific Idea: He is credited with the
earliest observation suggesting that the continents might have been connected, noting the fit of the coastlines, but he is
NOT associated with the modern, scientific theory of Plate Tectonics.
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Actual Theorists: Parker, Morgan, and McKenzie are known for the
Kinematic Theory of Plate Tectonics (1967), a fundamental paper on the movement of plates.
Additional Points
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Parker,
Morgan, and
McKenzie: These three geophysicists are central figures who provided the mathematical models and geometric framework for the modern theory of Plate Tectonics in the late 1960s.