Correct option is D
Each of these terms has specific origins:
·
(A) "Othering" – Coined by
Gayatri Spivak, who uses it to refer to how the colonized are portrayed as "others" to reinforce colonial hierarchies.
·
(B) "Ecological Imperialism" – Coined by
Alfred Crosby, describing the ecological and biological impacts of colonization.
·
(C) "Colonial Desire" – Popularized by
Robert Young, who examines the interplay of colonialism, race, and power.
·
(D) "Third Space" – Coined by
Homi K. Bhabha, referring to a hybrid space where cultures intersect, creating new, unique identities.
Information Booster:
1.
Othering: Spivak's work highlights the deliberate creation of the “Other” in colonial discourse, reinforcing stereotypes and hierarchies.
2.
Ecological Imperialism: Crosby’s concept examines how European settlers transformed foreign environments, often disrupting local ecosystems.
3.
Colonial Desire: Young’s exploration underscores the colonial obsession with power and possession, interwoven with racial dynamics.
4.
Third Space: Bhabha’s "Third Space" offers a theoretical location of cultural hybridization, essential for understanding postcolonial identities.
Additional Information:
·
Immanuel Kant: Known for critical philosophy but not involved in postcolonial theory.
·
Martin Heidegger: Primarily focused on existentialism and ontology.
·
Sigmund Freud: Renowned for psychoanalysis, not directly connected to postcolonial discourse.