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​lim⁡θ→01−cos⁡mθ1−cos⁡nθ= ?\lim_{\theta \to 0} \frac{1 - \cos{m\theta}}{1 - \cos{n\theta}} = \, ?θ→0lim​1−cosnθ1−cosmθ​=?​​
Question

limθ01cosmθ1cosnθ= ?\lim_{\theta \to 0} \frac{1 - \cos{m\theta}}{1 - \cos{n\theta}} = \, ?​​

A.

mn2\frac{m}{n^2}​​

B.

m2n2\frac{m^2}{n^2}​​

C.

mn\frac{m}{n}​​

D.

m2n\frac{m^2}{n}​​

Correct option is B

For small values of θ, we use the approximation for cos(x) when x is small:cos(x)1x22Thus, for small θ, we can approximate:1cos(mθ)(mθ)22=m2θ22and1cos(nθ)(nθ)22=n2θ22Substitute these approximations into the limitSubstituting the approximations into the given limit expression:limθ01cos(mθ)1cos(nθ)=limθ0m2θ2/2n2θ2/2Simplify the expressionThe 12 terms cancel out, and the θ2 terms also cancel out:limθ0m2n2=m2n2\text{For small values of } \theta, \text{ we use the approximation for } \cos(x) \text{ when } x \text{ is small:} \\\cos(x) \approx 1 - \frac{x^2}{2} \\\text{Thus, for small } \theta, \text{ we can approximate:} \\1 - \cos(m\theta) \approx \frac{(m\theta)^2}{2} = m^2 \frac{\theta^2}{2} \\\text{and} \\1 - \cos(n\theta) \approx \frac{(n\theta)^2}{2} = n^2 \frac{\theta^2}{2} \\\textbf{Substitute these approximations into the limit} \\\text{Substituting the approximations into the given limit expression:} \\\lim_{\theta \to 0} \frac{1 - \cos(m\theta)}{1 - \cos(n\theta)} = \lim_{\theta \to 0} \frac{m^2 \theta^2 / 2}{n^2 \theta^2 / 2} \\\textbf{Simplify the expression} \\\text{The } \frac{1}{2} \text{ terms cancel out, and the } \theta^2 \text{ terms also cancel out:} \\\lim_{\theta \to 0} \frac{m^2}{n^2} = \frac{m^2}{n^2}​​

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