In fruit juice sugar concentration is measured by

Correct option is A

The Correct Answer is refractometer.
A refractometer is an instrument used to measure the total soluble solids (TSS) in a liquid, especially sugar concentration in fruit juices. It works on the principle of refraction – the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.
· When light passes through a fruit juice sample, the sugar content changes the speed of light, which is recorded by the refractometer as a refractive index.
· This index is converted to °Brix (degrees Brix), which is a measure of sugar content. For example, a 15° Brix reading means the juice contains 15 grams of sugar per 100 grams of solution.
· Refractometers are widely used in horticulture, winemaking, soft drink industries, and fruit processing units to assess sweetness and ripeness.
Information Booster:
· The portable hand-held refractometers are commonly used in the field.
· Digital refractometers provide more precise readings and are used in laboratories or processing units.
· Sweetness standards for many fruits are defined by °Brix:
· Grapes: ~16–20° Brix
· Mango: ~18–22° Brix
· Orange: ~10–13° Brix
· High Brix values are associated with better taste, quality, and marketability.
Additional Knowledge:
· Chinometer: Not a valid or standard tool for measuring sugar. It may be a distractor or confusion with "Chlorophyll meter."
· Potometer: This instrument is used in plant physiology to measure the rate of water absorption or transpiration in plants, not sugar content.
· Tendrometer: It measures the tenderness or firmness of vegetables or fruits, especially used in processing peas, beans, etc., but it does not measure sugar levels.