How many total numbers of Shrutees are there in Hindustani Sangeet?

Correct option is B

The Correct Answer is 22
In Hindustani Sangeet (Indian Classical Music), there are a total of 22 Shrutees. Shrutee (Shruti) refers to the smallest audible pitch variation that the human ear can distinguish. Shrutees are the microtonal divisions within the seven basic Swaras (notes) and play a crucial role in creating the depth, nuance, and expression of Ragas in Indian classical music.
In Western music, there are 12 semitones in an octave. However, Indian classical music divides the octave further into 22 Shrutees, making it more melodically rich and complex. These Shrutees allow for intricate variations in intonation, ornamentation (Gamakas), and Raga structure, distinguishing Indian classical music from other musical traditions.
Information Booster:
Breakdown of Shrutees:
The seven Swaras (musical notes) in an octave are:
1. Shadaj (Sa)
2. Rishabh (Re)
3. Gandhar (Ga)
4. Madhyam (Ma)
5. Pancham (Pa)
6. Dhaivat (Dha)
7. Nishad (Ni)
Each of these Swaras has specific Shrutees assigned to them, except for Sa (Shadaj) and Pa (Pancham), which are considered Achal Swaras (Fixed Notes). The remaining Swaras are further divided into Komal (soft/lowered) and Tivra (sharp/raised) variations, resulting in 22 Shrutees in total.
Significance of Shrutees in Hindustani Sangeet:
· Shrutees allow minute pitch variations, which are essential for the proper rendering of Ragas.
· Different Ragas use different Shrutees to create unique melodic identities.
· Shrutees contribute to Gamakas (ornamentation techniques), which are essential for expressive musical phrases.
· The system of 22 Shrutees is based on ancient Indian musical texts, including Bharata’s Natya Shastra and Sangeet Ratnakar.
Additional Information:
· The 22 Shrutees in Hindustani classical music are fundamental to its melodic richness and emotional depth.
· They enable precise intonation, intricate note variations, and the formation of distinct Ragas, making Indian classical music unique compared to Western and other musical traditions.