Hematemesis occurs in which of the following diseases?

Correct option is C

Ans. (c) Peptic Ulcer
Explanation:
Hematemesis refers to the vomiting of blood, which typically indicates upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. It occurs due to bleeding from the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.
Causes of Hematemesis:
1. Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) → Most Common Cause
· Peptic ulcers (gastric or duodenal ulcers) can erode blood vessels, leading to GI bleeding and hematemesis.
· H. pylori infection and NSAID use are major risk factors.
· Blood appears bright red (fresh bleeding) or coffee-ground (digested blood) in vomit.
2. Other Possible Causes of Hematemesis:
· Esophageal varices (common in liver cirrhosis)
· Gastritis, Mallory-Weiss tear (esophageal tear due to forceful vomiting)
Why are the other options incorrect?
1. Lung Cancer → (Incorrect Choice)
· Lung cancer can cause hemoptysis (coughing up blood), not hematemesis.
2. Lung Tuberculosis (T.B.) → (Incorrect Choice)
· Pulmonary TB also leads to hemoptysis (blood in sputum) due to lung tissue destruction, not hematemesis.
3. Small Intestinal T.B. → (Incorrect Choice)
· Intestinal TB can cause melena (black, tarry stools) due to lower GI bleeding but does not cause hematemesis.