Correct option is A
Statement I: The Upanayana Ceremony, which marked the initiation of a child into the study of the Vedas, was indeed performed for both boys and girls in ancient India. This ceremony, known as the 'sacred thread ceremony', was traditionally a part of the Brahmanical education system and marked the beginning of formal education. In ancient times, this ceremony was not limited to boys; girls also participated in it, especially in the early Vedic period.
Statement II: Both boys and girls received education in ‘Ashrams’ and ‘Gurukulas’ in ancient India. This is also correct statement. In the early Vedic period, education was more inclusive, and both boys and girls were educated in ashrams and gurukulas. Girls were allowed to study the Vedas and participate in intellectual discussions. The concept of co-education existed during this period, although it changed in the later years with the evolution of societal norms.
Hence, Both Statement I and Statement II are true.