Given below are two statements
Statement I: Codes of ethics are formulated to regulate the relations of researchers to the people and fields they intend to study.
Statement II: All the risks involved in the study need not be explained to the participants in advance.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Correct option is C

Statement I is correct because codes of ethics in research are specifically designed to outline appropriate conduct, ensuring researchers maintain respectful, fair, and transparent relationships with their participants and the field of study. These codes serve to protect participants from harm, promote trust, and establish standards for responsible research practices.
Statement II is incorrect because ethical research practices require that all risks involved in a study be clearly communicated to participants in advance. This is a fundamental aspect of informed consent, where participants must be fully aware of any potential risks or discomforts associated with the study before agreeing to participate. This transparency is essential to allow participants to make an informed decision about their involvement and aligns with principles of respect for autonomy and protection from harm.
Information Booster: 1. Informed Consent: Essential for ethical research, requiring clear communication of all risks to participants.
2. Participant Autonomy: Ethical codes prioritize respecting participants’ rights to make informed decisions.
3. Confidentiality: Codes of ethics emphasize maintaining privacy and confidentiality of participant information.
4. Minimizing Harm: Researchers are obliged to avoid or minimize potential harm to participants.
5. Transparency in Research: Full disclosure of purpose, risks, and benefits is part of ethical practice.
6. IRB Approval: Ethical guidelines are enforced through Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), which assess study risks.