Correct option is C
Assertion (A) is true. Genetics is indeed the study of how traits and characteristics are inherited from parents to their offspring, as well as the variations that can occur in these traits.
Reason (R) is also true. Inheritance refers to the process by which genetic information is passed from one generation to the next, explaining how offspring inherit traits from their parents.
Moreover, Reason (R) correctly explains Assertion (A) because the study of genetics involves understanding the process of inheritance. Therefore, both statements are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.