Correct option is D
The correct answer is: (D) Alexander Fleming
Explanation:
In 1929, Alexander Fleming, a Scottish bacteriologist, discovered that a Penicillium notatum fungus produced a substance that killed or inhibited the growth of certain bacteria.
This substance was later named penicillin, marking the beginning of the antibiotic era in modern medicine.
Information Booster:
Fleming noticed clear zones around fungal colonies where Staphylococcus bacteria could not grow.
Penicillin became the first widely used antibiotic during World War II, saving millions of lives.
He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945, along with Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain.
Penicillin works by inhibiting cell wall synthesis in bacteria.
Its discovery revolutionized infection treatment, especially for pneumonia, syphilis, and scarlet fever.
Additional Information:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek – Discovered microscopic organisms using handcrafted microscopes in the 17th century, but not antibiotics.
Paul Ehrlich – Known for the “magic bullet” theory and developed Salvarsan, the first effective treatment for syphilis, but not penicillin.
Marie Curie – Renowned for her work on radioactivity, not microbiology or antibiotics.
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