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Find the angle between the planes x+y+z=1x+y+z=1x+y+z=1​ and x−2y+3z=1x-2y+3z=1x−2y+3z=1.
Question

Find the angle between the planes x+y+z=1x+y+z=1​ and x2y+3z=1x-2y+3z=1.

A.

cos1(142)\cos ^{-1}\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{42}}\right)​​

B.

cos1(221)\cos ^{-1}\left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{21}}\right)​​

C.

cos1(242)\cos ^{-1}\left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{42}}\right)​​

D.

cos1(17)\cos ^{-1}\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{7}}\right)​​

Correct option is B

 Normal vector to Plane 1 (n1):1,1,1 Normal vector to Plane 2 (n2):1,2,3Compute the Dot Product and MagnitudesThe angle θ between the two planes is the same as the angle between their normal vectors. The cosine ofthis angle can be found using the dot product formula:cosθ=n1n2n1n2 Dot Product (n1n2):11+1(2)+13=12+3=2 Magnitude of n1:12+12+12=1+1+1=3 Magnitude of n2:12+(2)2+32=1+4+9=14Calculate the AngleSubstitute the values into the cosine formula:cosθ=2314=242To find θ, take the inverse cosine:θ=cos1(242)θ=cos1(221)\begin{aligned}&\bullet \ \text{Normal vector to Plane 1 } (\mathbf{n}_1): \langle 1, 1, 1 \rangle \\&\bullet \ \text{Normal vector to Plane 2 } (\mathbf{n}_2): \langle 1, -2, 3 \rangle \\\\&\textbf{Compute the Dot Product and Magnitudes} \\&\text{The angle } \theta \text{ between the two planes is the same as the angle between their normal vectors. The cosine of} \\&\text{this angle can be found using the dot product formula:} \\&\qquad \cos \theta = \frac{\mathbf{n}_1 \cdot \mathbf{n}_2}{|\mathbf{n}_1| \cdot |\mathbf{n}_2|} \\\\&\qquad \bullet \ \text{Dot Product } (\mathbf{n}_1 \cdot \mathbf{n}_2): \\&\qquad \qquad 1 \cdot 1 + 1 \cdot (-2) + 1 \cdot 3 = 1 - 2 + 3 = 2 \\\\&\qquad \bullet \ \text{Magnitude of } \mathbf{n}_1: \\&\qquad \qquad \sqrt{1^2 + 1^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{1 + 1 + 1} = \sqrt{3} \\\\&\qquad \bullet \ \text{Magnitude of } \mathbf{n}_2: \\&\qquad \qquad \sqrt{1^2 + (-2)^2 + 3^2} = \sqrt{1 + 4 + 9} = \sqrt{14} \\\\&\textbf{Calculate the Angle} \\&\text{Substitute the values into the cosine formula:} \\&\qquad \cos \theta = \frac{2}{\sqrt{3} \cdot \sqrt{14}} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{42}} \\\\&\text{To find } \theta, \text{ take the inverse cosine:} \\&\qquad \theta = \cos^{-1} \left( \frac{2}{\sqrt{42}} \right)\\&\qquad \theta = \cos^{-1} \left( \sqrt{\frac{2}{{21}}} \right)\end{aligned}​​

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