Ecological niche of a species is defined by its:
(A) Needs (B) Reproductive rate (C) Tolerances (D) Chemical composition (E) Body volume mass ratio
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is C

An ecological niche represents the role and position of a species in its environment. It includes its interactions with biotic and abiotic factors, as well as the range of conditions it tolerates and the resources it needs.
1. Needs (A):
Refers to the specific resources a species requires, such as food, habitat, and other survival needs. These are essential for defining its niche.
2. Tolerances (C):
A species’ tolerance to various environmental factors (e.g., temperature, salinity, humidity) outlines the range of conditions under which it can survive and thrive.
Other options:
Reproductive rate (B): Though important for population growth, it doesn't define a niche directly.
Chemical composition (D): This is more of a physiological trait and not directly related to the niche concept.
Body volume mass ratio (E): This relates to morphology and is not central to niche definition.
Thus, ecological niche is best described by Needs (A) and Tolerances (C).
Information Booster: 1. Types of Niches:
· Fundamental Niche: The potential role of a species in the absence of competition.
· Realized Niche: The actual role played in the presence of competition.
2. Factors Affecting Niche:
· Biotic: Predators, competitors, and prey.
· Abiotic: Temperature, light, water, and nutrients.
3. Examples:
· Polar bears depend on icy habitats (needs) and tolerate extreme cold (tolerance).
· Coral species have a narrow tolerance for temperature changes.
4. Importance of Niche:
· Helps in understanding biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics.
· Critical for conservation biology and species management.
Additional Knowledge: · Needs (A): This includes food type, habitat, and reproduction conditions. E.g., pandas need bamboo forests for sustenance.
· Tolerances (C): Ranges in abiotic conditions, like desert cacti tolerating extreme dryness.
· Reproductive rate (B): While it influences survival, it doesn't define a niche. E.g., rapidly reproducing species like rodents can inhabit different niches.
· Chemical composition (D): Determines physiological adaptations but not directly related to ecological roles.
· Body volume mass ratio (E): Relates to energy efficiency and metabolic rates, not niche definition.