Choose the correct tense form of the highlighted expression from the given options.
They have been living in Amritsar since independence.

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Present Perfect Continuous.
Detailed Explanation (English):
• The highlighted expression is “have been living”.
• Structure: have/has + been + V-ing is the form of Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
• This tense is used for an action that started in the past and is still continuing in the present.
• The phrase “since independence” shows the starting point of the action, which strongly supports Present Perfect Continuous.
Grammatical Rule Used (English):
• Present Perfect Continuous: has/have + been + V-ing
• Used for actions continuing from past to present, often with since/for.
Grammatical Rule Used (Hindi):
• Present Perfect Continuous की संरचना: has/have + been + क्रिया का -ing रूप।
• इसका प्रयोग उस क्रिया के लिए होता है जो भूतकाल में शुरू हुई और अब तक जारी है।
• “since” समय का प्रारम्भ बताता है, इसलिए यह tense उपयुक्त है।
Example:
• She has been working here for five years.
Why other options are incorrect:
• (a) Present Indefinite: V¹(s/es) (live/lives), “have been living” नहीं
• (b) Present Continuous: is/am/are + V-ing (is living), “have been” नहीं
• (c) Present Perfect: has/have + V³ (has lived), continuous sense कम हो जाता है