All are true about the neonatal complications due to diabetic pregnant mother, except -

Correct option is D

Ans. (d) Hyperglycemia
Explanation:
Babies born to diabetic mothers (Gestational Diabetes or Pre-existing Diabetes) are at risk of multiple metabolic complications due to maternal hyperglycemia affecting fetal development.
Neonatal Complications Due to Maternal Diabetes:
1. Hypoglycemia ✅ (True)
· Most common neonatal complication.
· Cause: Fetal pancreas overproduces insulin in response to maternal hyperglycemia → After birth, excess insulin continues, but maternal glucose supply is cut off → Neonatal Hypoglycemia.
2. Hypocalcemia ✅ (True)
· Common in infants of diabetic mothers.
· Cause: Poor parathyroid gland function in the neonate due to maternal metabolic abnormalities → Low calcium levels (<7 mg/dL in neonates).
· Symptoms: Jitteriness, irritability, seizures.
3. Hypomagnesemia ✅ (True)
· Low magnesium levels (<1.5 mg/dL) are common in neonates of diabetic mothers.
· Cause: Maternal magnesium depletion due to diabetes leads to reduced fetal magnesium stores.
4. Hyperglycemia ❌ (False, Not a Neonatal Complication)
· Neonates of diabetic mothers do NOT have hyperglycemia at birth.
· Why? The fetal pancreas produces excess insulin, which leads to hypoglycemia, NOT hyperglycemia after birth.
Other Neonatal Complications of Diabetic Mothers:
· Macrosomia (Large Baby) → Birth Weight > 4 kg
· Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) → Due to Delayed Lung Maturity
· Polycythemia (Increased RBCs)
· Congenital Malformations (e.g., Cardiac Defects, Neural Tube Defects)