​According to Vygotsky's theory of learning and development, which of the following is an example of scaffolding?

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) Breaking a task down into smaller steps and providing support as needed.

Scaffolding is a core concept derived from Lev Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, especially in relation to his idea of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). The ZPD refers to the range between what a learner can do without help and what they can achieve with guidance and support. Scaffolding is the temporary support provided by a teacher, peer, or mentor that helps the learner accomplish a task within this zone.

Information Booster

1. Scaffolding Origin: Coined by Jerome Bruner, inspired by Vygotsky’s work.
2. Dynamic Support: Adjusted based on the learner’s current performance.
3. Examples: Hints, cues, questioning, guided practice, think-alouds.
4. Goal: Transition from assisted to independent performance.
5. Integral to ZPD: Scaffolding exists within the learner’s zone of proximal development.

Additional Knowledge

• (b) Providing a grade as motivation: This is an example of extrinsic motivation, not scaffolding. Vygotsky emphasized social interaction and guided learning, not rewards.
• (c) Reading independently: This lacks interactive support, placing the task outside the ZPD if the student struggles.
• (d) Demonstrating a skill and leaving the student to master it: Demonstration alone does not constitute scaffolding unless interactive support is provided throughout the learning process.