According to the General Aggression Model (GAM), which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to aggression behavior?

Correct option is C

The General Aggression Model (GAM), proposed by Craig Anderson and Brad Bushman, explains aggressive behavior as a result of personal and situational factors interacting over time. The three main factors influencing aggression are:

Personal Traits (Individual Factors)
-Includes personality, attitudes, beliefs, and past experiences that shape aggression.
-Example: High impulsivity or hostile attribution bias can lead to aggressive responses.

Situational Variables
-External factors such as provocation, frustration, media violence, and environmental stressors.
-Example: Exposure to violent video games or being in a hostile social setting can trigger aggression.

Biological Responses
-Physiological changes, including hormonal influences (testosterone, cortisol), brain activity, and autonomic arousal.
-Example: Increased amygdala activation in response to threat perception.

Genetic Predispositions (Incorrect Option)
-While genetics can influence personality traits, the General Aggression Model does not directly attribute aggression to genetic predispositions.
-GAM focuses on learned behavior, cognitive processing, and environmental interactions, rather than innate genetic factors.

Thus, genetic predispositions are NOT a core factor in the General Aggression Model, making option (3) the correct answer.