​A workman hired in place of a permanent workman or probationer who is temporarily absent is called:​

Correct option is D

According to the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946, a Badli workman is a person who is employed in place of a permanent workman or a probationer who is temporarily absent. The term "Badli" is derived from the Hindi word “badla”, meaning "in place of" or "replacement."

This classification is used in industries such as manufacturing or mining, where continuous labor is required. A Badli is not recruited for permanent roles but serves as a temporary substitute. However, if a Badli continues in the role beyond a certain number of days (e.g., 240 days in a year in some cases), he may become eligible for regularization or may attain temporary or permanent status, depending on company policy and labor laws.

Thus, when a regular employee is temporarily not available, the employer appoints a Badli workman to maintain workflow without filling a permanent position.

Information Booster:

• Badli workman fills in for temporarily absent permanent/probationary staff.

• Common in sectors requiring continuous operations like textile, steel, coal, etc.

• Governed under Standing Orders Act and interpreted in labor case laws.

• A Badli is not considered permanent unless employed for a prolonged period.

• The use of Badlis ensures workflow continuity without long-term liability.

• The designation helps employers comply with legal and payroll classification requirements.

• Some industrial awards and policies define limits for Badli conversion to permanent status.

Additional Knowledge:

(a) Temporary workman:
A temporary workman is employed for a fixed period or specific task. They are not substitutes for others, and their employment is time-bound, not conditional on another worker’s absence.

(b) Casual workman:
A casual workman is hired for irregular or incidental work, not forming part of the regular business. They are not replacement workers, and their employment lacks continuity or predictability.

(c) Probationer workman:
A probationer is a person newly appointed against a permanent vacancy and is under observation for suitability to be confirmed. They are not temporary replacements for others but are being evaluated for permanent roles.