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    A newborn is diagnosed with congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot). What is the first-line standard management?
    Question

    A newborn is diagnosed with congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot). What is the first-line standard management?

    A.

    Immediate surgical correction at birth

    B.

    Ponseti method with serial plaster casting

    C.

    Use of Denis Browne splint only

    D.

    Wait until the child starts walking

    Correct option is B

    The Ponseti method (gentle manipulation + weekly casting) is the gold standard for initial management of clubfoot. Surgery is considered only if casting fails.
    Explanation of options: (a) ✘ Surgery is not first-line; used only if conservative management fails. (b) ✔ Correct; Ponseti casting is globally accepted first-line treatment. (c) ✘ Denis Browne splint is for maintenance after correction, not initial therapy. (d) ✘ Waiting delays treatment and worsens deformity.

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