A footballer committing a professional foul to avoid a conceding a goal is an example of_________

Correct option is C

Instrumental aggression refers to behavior intended to harm another person or disrupt play with a specific goal in mind, such as gaining a competitive advantage or preventing the opponent from scoring. It is calculated and goal-directed, with the primary purpose being to achieve a specific outcome rather than to cause harm for its own sake.
Example: · A footballer intentionally fouling an opponent to prevent a goal is using aggression as a means to an end (avoiding conceding the goal).
Explanation of Other Options: · (a) Unsanctioned aggression:
· Refers to aggressive behavior not permitted by the rules of the game. While the professional foul is technically a violation, it is recognized as part of strategic play in sports contexts and penalized within the rules.
· (b) Hostile aggression:
· Refers to aggression driven by anger or frustration, with the primary intent of causing harm to another player. This does not apply in the case of a professional foul.
· (d) Assertive aggression:
· Refers to legitimate forceful play within the rules of the game, without the intent to harm. A professional foul falls outside this definition as it violates the rules.
Correct Answer: (c) Instrumental aggression Information Booster 1. Types of Aggression in Sports:
· Instrumental: Goal-oriented, calculated, and not driven by emotion.
· Hostile: Emotion-driven, with intent to harm.
· Assertive: Legitimate and forceful play within the rules.
2. Professional Foul in Football:
· Often occurs when a defender fouls an attacker in a goal-scoring situation.
· Results in penalties, such as a free kick or red card, depending on the severity.
3. Sportsmanship vs. Aggression:
· Instrumental aggression is often controversial as it tests the boundaries of sportsmanship while being a tactical move.