RRB JE History Questions with Detailed Solutions

The correct answer is (D) Dhruva Dharavarsha.

Explanation:

• The Pala King of Bengal, Dharamapala, was defeated by Rashtrakuta KingDhruva Dharavarsha. This significant defeat marked a crucial point in the battle for dominance in the Indian subcontinent during the early medieval period. Dhruva Dharavarsha was known for his military prowess and his strategic victories.

Information Booster:

• Dharamapala was a prominent king of the Pala dynasty, known for his contributions to the spread of Buddhism and the establishment of the Pala Empire in Bengal.
• Dhruva Dharavarsha was a powerful Rashtrakuta ruler and played a significant role in strengthening the empire with his military campaigns, including his victory over Dharamapala.

Additional Information:

• Krishna I: He was a prominent Rashtrakuta king, but not involved in the defeat of Dharamapala.
• Indra III: Another Rashtrakuta king who is remembered for his military campaigns, but he was not the one who defeated Dharamapala.
• Govinda III: Another ruler from the Rashtrakuta dynasty, but his reign was before the confrontation with Dharamapala.

The correct answer is (b) Bengal.

• The Indigo Rebellion (Nil Vidroh) was a major peasant uprising against oppressive indigo planters in Bengal during 1859-1860.

• Peasants protested forced cultivation of indigo on their lands under exploitative terms fixed by British planters.

• The rebellion was primarily concentrated in Bengal districts such as Nadia, Pabna, Rangpur, and Murshidabad.

• It was largely a non-violent resistance where peasants refused to grow indigo and opposed planter tyranny.

• The uprising led to the appointment of the Indigo Commission by the British government in 1860 to investigate farmers’ grievances.

• The rebellion temporarily reduced indigo cultivation but ultimately exposed the exploitative colonial agrarian system.

Leaders:

• The rebellion was mostly spontaneous and lacked a single national leader.

• Local village elders and peasant leaders organized the resistance.

• Earlier related uprisings involved figures like Biswanath Sardar (Bishe Dakait), though he was not directly linked to the 1859-60 rebellion.

Information Booster:

• The forced indigo cultivation created severe economic hardship for peasants due to low prices and harsh conditions.

• The rebellion inspired future peasant movements and increased political awareness in rural India.

• It is one of the earliest organized large-scale peasant uprisings against British colonial exploitation.

• The Indigo Commission report influenced some reforms, though exploitation persisted later.

• The rebellion exposed the economic roots of anti-colonial struggles beyond political demands.

• The Gurjara-Pratiharas aimed to control North India – They were strong in western and northern India and resisted Arab invasions.
• The Rashtrakutas sought northern expansion – They ruled Deccan and attempted to capture Kannauj multiple times.
• The Palas dominated eastern India – The Pala dynasty of Bengal entered the struggle to expand its influence westward.
• Repeated invasions weakened all three dynasties – The long conflict led to political instability in North India.
• The Cholas expanded in the South – Instead of engaging in this struggle, the Cholas focused on building a strong empire in South India, including naval expeditions.

• The Gurjara-Pratiharas:  controlled Kannauj for a significant period.
• The Rashtrakutas: invaded North India multiple times but could not maintain long-term control over Kannauj.
• The Palas:  attempted to extend their rule from Bengal to Kannauj.

Correct Answer: (D) Annie Besant

The Women's Indian Association (WIA) was founded in 1917 by Annie Besant, along with Dorothy Jinarajadasa, Margaret Cousins, and other women activists. It was one of the earliest women’s organizations in India, aimed at promoting women's rights, education, and social reforms.

The WIA played a crucial role in:

• Advocating for women’s suffrage (right to vote) in India.
• Promoting education for women and girls.
• Addressing social issues such as child marriage, widow remarriage, and property rights.

Annie Besant, a British-born social reformer and freedom fighter, was instrumental in the Home Rule Movement and women’s rights activism in India.

• Founded in 1917 in Madras (now Chennai), the WIA became a major platform for women’s activism in India.
• Annie Besant and Margaret Cousins played a key role in advocating for women’s voting rights.
• Sarojini Naidu later joined the movement and became one of the leading voices for women’s empowerment.
• The WIA also supported the formation of the All India Women’s Conference (AIWC) in 1927.
• The organization was a key participant in the freedom struggle, aligning with Mahatma Gandhi’s movements.
• WIA actively campaigned against child marriage and for equal legal rights for women.

Additional Information:

•  Usha Mehta:  She was a freedom fighter known for running the underground Congress radio during the Quit India Movement (1942).
•  Madam Bhikaji Cama:  She was an Indian revolutionary in exile, known for hoisting the first version of the Indian national flag in Germany (1907).
• Sarojini Naidu: She was a prominent freedom fighter, poet, and women’s rights activist, but she did not found WIA. She was later associated with the movement.

Correct Answer: B. Qutb-ud-din Aibak

Qutb-ud-din Aibak was the first ruler of the Delhi Sultanate and the founder of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty in 1206. He was originally a Turkish slave who became a general under Muhammad Ghori. After Ghori's assassination in 1206, Aibak declared himself Sultan of Delhi and established independent rule.

• Established the Delhi Sultanate (1206) after the death of Muhammad Ghori.
• Started the construction of the Qutub Minar, which was later completed by Iltutmish.
• Known as "Lakh Baksh" (Giver of Lakhs) for his generous nature.
• Died in 1210 due to a horse-riding accident while playing polo.

• Balban : Was a later ruler of the Mamluk Dynasty (1266–1287), known for his strong military rule.
• Alauddin Khalji : Belonged to the Khalji Dynasty (1296–1316) and expanded the empire significantly.
• Iltutmish : Successor of Aibak, formally consolidated the Delhi Sultanate and introduced the Iqta system.

Correct Answer:C) Womesh Chandra Banerjee

The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded in 1885, and its first session was held in Bombay (now Mumbai) from December 28–31, 1885.

• Womesh Chandra Banerjee was elected as the first President of the Indian National Congress.
• He presided over the first session of INC, which was attended by 72 delegates from different parts of India.
• The session was initially planned in Pune, but due to a plague outbreak, it was shifted to Bombay.

• He was a lawyer and social reformer.
• He defended Surendranath Banerjee in the infamous Indian Civil Service (ICS) case.
• He was the first Indian to act as a judge of the Calcutta High Court.
  

• A. Ras Behari Bose: A revolutionary leader, but not associated with INC’s foundation. He played a role in India's armed struggle and founded the Indian Independence League.
• B. Dadabhai Naoroji: Known as the Grand Old Man of India, he became the third President of INC in 1886 and played a crucial role in the Drain of Wealth theory.
• D. Gopal Krishna Gokhale: A prominent moderate leader, but he was not the first President. He became INC President in 1905.

• Founder of INC:Allan Octavian Hume (A.O. Hume), a retired British civil servant.
  
• First INC Session Venue:Bombay, 1885.
  
• Key Objectives of Early INC:Political unity, administrative reforms, and constitutional rights for Indians.
  
• Division in INC (1907): INC split into Moderates and Extremists at the Surat Session.
  
• Women’s Participation:Sarojini Naidu became the first woman President of INC in 1925.
  
• Gandhi's Role:Mahatma Gandhi dominated INC's politics from 1920 onwards, transforming it into a mass movement.

Correct Answer: D) Bahadur Shah

Explanation:

When Humayun attacked Gujarat in 1532, the ruler of the region was Sultan Bahadur Shah of the Muzaffarid dynasty. Bahadur Shah had expanded his rule over Gujarat, Malwa, and parts of Rajasthan, making him a powerful adversary of the Mughal Empire.

• In 1532, Humayun launched an expedition against Bahadur Shah after the latter provided refuge to Afghan rebels and opposed the Mughal rule.
• In 1535, Humayun successfully captured Gujarat and Malwa, forcing Bahadur Shah to flee.
• However, due to administrative failures, Humayun could not maintain control over Gujarat, and Bahadur Shah reclaimed his throne soon after.
• Later, in 1537, Bahadur Shah was killed by the Portuguese while negotiating with them.

Other Options Explained:

• Sikandar Shah – Not related to Gujarat; he was the ruler of Bengal in the 16th century.
• Zafar Khan Muzaffar – Founder of the Muzaffarid dynasty, ruled much earlier (late 14th century).
• Muzaffar Shah II – Ruled before Bahadur Shah, from 1511 to 1526, and was not in power when Humayun attacked.

• Lahore: While Lahore was a significant hub for revolutionary activities during the Indian independence movement, and Bhagat Singh and other HSRA members were actively involved there.

• Pune: Pune, though historically important in Indian history.
• Calcutta (now Kolkata): Calcutta was a major center of nationalist activity, particularly in the early 20th century.

The correct answer is: (D) muqti

• In the Delhi Sultanate, the holder of an ‘iqta’ (a land grant) who also worked as the administrative head of that land was known as a muqti.
• The muqti was responsible for the administration, collection of taxes, and maintenance of law and order in their assigned territory.
• The iqta system was introduced by Shams-ud-Din Iltutmish, and it was a land revenue system wherein land was granted to officials in return for military or administrative services.

Information Booster:

• Ariz: The ariz was in charge of the military department, overseeing the army’s organization, recruitment, and deployment.
• Wazir: The wazir was the chief minister, assisting the sultan in governance and making major decisions regarding state policies and administration.
• Qazi: The qazi played a crucial role in the judicial system, specifically in matters related to Islamic law, ensuring justice within the kingdom.

The correct answer is (C) Only I

Explanation:
• Chakravarti Vijayaraghavachariar was a prominent Indian politician and a key leader of the Indian National Congress from the Madras Presidency.
• Statement I is correct: He successfully fought against false charges leveled against him regarding the Salem riots of 1882. Because of his successful legal defense and defiant stance against the British authorities, he earned the title "The Hero of Salem".
• Statement II is incorrect: C. Vijayaraghavachariar was actually hailed as the "Lion of South India", owing to his fierce nationalist politics in the southern region. The title "Lion of Punjab" or "Lion of North India" is generally associated with Lala Lajpat Rai.

Information Booster:
• INC Presidency: He reached the pinnacle of his political career when he was elected President of the Indian National Congress for its Nagpur session in 1920, a crucial session where Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement was endorsed.
• Constitutional Contribution: He was a vital part of the drafting committee that created the Swaraj Constitution in the 1920s.

Additional Knowledge:
• Titles during the independence movement were heavily regionalized. Knowing the regional base of a leader (Madras Presidency for Vijayaraghavachariar) helps eliminate geographically incompatible titles like "Lion of North India".