​Who among the following did NOT attend the first Round Table Conference in London? ​

Correct option is D

Sol: The correct answer is (d)  Indian National Congress

Key points:

• The Indian National Congress (INC) decided to boycott the first Round Table Conference because the British government refused to consider their demand for "Poorna Swaraj" (complete independence). As a result, none of its leaders participated in the conference.
• In contrast, the Muslim League,Hindu Mahasabha, and representatives from the Indian Princes did attend the conference.
• The Congress was engaged in the Civil Disobedience Movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and refused to participate.

Information booster:

Muslim League:

• The Muslim League, founded in 1906, represented the political interests of Muslims in India and played a significant role in the First Round Table Conference (1930-1931), where it advocated for separate electorates and the protection of Muslim rights, with Muhammad Ali Jinnah leading the delegation. While not achieving all its demands, the League's participation solidified its stance for Muslim autonomy and laid the foundation for the eventual creation of Pakistan in 1947.

​Hindu Mahasabha:

• The Hindu Mahasabha, founded in 1915, was a right-wing Hindu nationalist organization that attended the First Round Table Conference (1930-1931), where it represented Hindu interests and opposed the idea of separate electorates for Muslims, advocating instead for a unified India under Hindu leadership. The organization, led by figures like Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, emphasized Hindu cultural and political dominance and played a key role in the later development of Hindu nationalism in India.

​Indian Princes:

• The Indian Princes were represented by members of the All India States' Peoples' Conference and rulers of various princely states at the First Round Table Conference (1930-1931). They attended to express concerns over their political autonomy and the future role of the princely states in a reformed Indian political system, seeking assurances regarding their rights and influence in the proposed constitutional framework. The princes played a significant role in the negotiations for the representation of princely states in India's governance.​