Who among the following considers a text as a ‘site of struggle between authority and popular culture”?

Correct option is C

The Russian literary critic Mikhail Bakhtin is one of the key thinkers who considers a text as a "site of struggle between authority and popular culture." Bakhtin argued that texts are not simply products of individual authors, but rather they are the result of a complex interplay between different social forces. He was particularly interested in the ways in which texts can be used to challenge and subvert authority. Bakhtin's concept of the "carnivalesque" is particularly relevant to his understanding of texts as sites of struggle. The carnivalesque is a mode of literary expression that is characterized by its inversion of social norms, its use of grotesque humor, and its celebration of the bodily and the material. Bakhtin argued that the carnivalesque can be found in many different texts, from classical literature to popular culture. He saw it as a powerful force for social change, as it allows people to temporarily overthrow the established hierarchy and create a more egalitarian and democratic society.
Bakhtin's work has been influential in a wide range of fields, including literary criticism, cultural studies, and political theory. His insights into the nature of texts and their relationship to power have helped us to understand how culture can be used to both challenge and maintain the status quo. Other notable thinkers who have written about the relationship between texts and authority include Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Antonio Gramsci.