Who among the following appointed a superintendent (Shahna-i-Mandi) for the effective implementation of market reforms?​

Correct option is C

Correct Answer: (C) Alauddin Khilji

Explanation:

• Alauddin Khilji, the Sultan of Delhi (1296–1316), introduced strict market reforms to control prices of essential commodities and prevent hoarding and black marketing.
• For effective implementation of these reforms, he appointed a market superintendent called Shahna-i-Mandi, who was responsible for regulating markets, checking weights and measures, and ensuring price control.

Information Booster:

• Alauddin Khilji introduced three major markets in Delhi:
• Grain Market (Mandi)
• Cloth and luxury items market
• Slave and animal market
• The prices were fixed and strictly monitored through spies and informers.
• These reforms were also intended to maintain a large standing army at lower cost without raising salaries.
• Violations of market rules were punished harshly, including fines and imprisonment.

Additional Information (Why other options are incorrect):

• (A) Raziya Sultana – The first female ruler of Delhi Sultanate; not associated with market reforms.
• (B) Muhammad Ghori – Conqueror and military leader; not known for administrative reforms in India.
• (D) Ulugh Khan – A general and brother of Alauddin Khilji; played a military role but not credited with market administration.