Who advocated that India would be truly independent only when the poorest of its people became free of human suffering?

Correct option is D

The Correct Answer is D: Mahatma Gandhi.

Explanation:

• Mahatma Gandhi emphasized self-reliance, non-violence, and social justice as key aspects of India’s independence.
• He believed that true freedom meant uplifting the poorest sections of society, not just political independence.

Key Points:

• Gandhi introduced the concept of Sarvodaya (welfare for all) and Antyodaya (upliftment of the last person).
• He worked for the abolition of untouchability and rural development.
• His vision was expressed in "Hind Swaraj" (1909), where he outlined his idea of a self-sufficient and just society.

Additional Information:

• Jawaharlal Nehru focused on industrialization and modern nation-building.
• Subhash Chandra Bose emphasized militant nationalism and formed the Indian National Army (INA).
• Indira Gandhi led economic and social reforms like nationalization of banks and Garibi Hatao movement.