Correct option is C
The correct answer is (c).
Tamil Nadu historically and consistently stands as a premier state in India regarding total installed wind energy capacity and massive power generation.
The state leverages its highly favorable geographic location, benefiting immensely from strong, uninterrupted oceanic wind currents traversing the southern peninsula to drive its massive onshore wind farms.
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- The renowned Muppandal wind farm in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, is one of the absolute largest operational onshore wind farms in the entire world.
- Wind energy potential is geographically restricted; it strictly requires vast open landscapes experiencing consistent, high-velocity wind corridors (typically coastal areas or high-altitude passes).
- Gujarat is another massively dominant state rapidly expanding its capacity, directly competing with Tamil Nadu for the top national rank in recent years.
- India globally ranks fourth in total installed wind power capacity, heavily contributing to the nation's ambitious renewable energy transition targets.
- Wind turbines convert vast kinetic energy directly into mechanical power, generating electricity without producing any direct greenhouse gas emissions.
- Offshore wind energy projects represent the next major frontier for India, aiming to exploit the significantly stronger and more consistent coastal sea breezes.
- Intermittency remains a major challenge; massive grid integration demands advanced forecasting models and robust energy storage solutions to ensure stable baseline power.
- Option A: Uttar Pradesh is located entirely inland in the northern plains, historically suffering from low wind velocities, making it highly unsuitable for commercial-scale wind farms.
- Option B: While Rajasthan boasts absolutely immense potential for solar energy due to massive barren desert landscapes, its wind energy capacity—though growing—does not surpass Tamil Nadu's historical dominance.
- Option D: Bihar is geographically a completely landlocked, plain-dominated state with intrinsically poor natural wind corridors, rendering large-scale wind energy generation technologically unviable.
- Accurately mapping precise wind density utilizing towering anemometer masts is the critical first step before sanctioning multi-million dollar wind projects.
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