Correct option is D
The correct answer is (d), as it is the incorrect statement. While a haustorium is indeed formed during the interaction between the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and rice, its primary role is not to extract nutrients directly but to facilitate the establishment of a biotrophic relationship. The haustorium penetrates the plant cells and forms a structure that creates a channel for the exchange of nutrients and signaling molecules between the host and the pathogen. However, the key role of the haustorium is not nutrient extraction, but rather to establish a biotrophic interface between the fungus and the host plant. It allows for the exchange of signals and the provision of nutrients to the fungus, supporting its growth and reproduction.
The other statements are correct and are part of the pathogenesis process of Magnaporthe oryzae:
- (a)A biotrophic interfacial complex is indeed formed at the site of infection, where the fungus remains living and feeding off the host.
- (b)Fungal effector proteins are translocated into the host cell cytoplasm to manipulate host defense and promote infection.
- (c) An appressorium is produced by the fungus to help penetrate the plant cell wall, creating the initial entry point for the fungus into the plant.
Information Booster:
- Magnaporthe oryzae is a biotrophic pathogen, meaning it relies on the living host cell for nutrition.
- The appressorium is a specialized structure that helps the fungus penetrate the rice plant's outer layer by generating high mechanical pressure.
- Effector proteins secreted by the fungus are critical for suppressing host immune responses and facilitating pathogen growth.
- The haustorium forms after the fungus enters the plant cell and is crucial for establishing a stable relationship between the fungus and the host.
- The biotrophic interfacial complex facilitates nutrient and signal exchange, allowing the fungus to maintain parasitism without killing the host immediately.
