Which of the following were part of the 'Four Modernizations' in China in 1978?
1. Agriculture
2. Industry
3. Science and Technology
4. Democracy
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Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Only 1, 2, and 3

Explanation:

The 'Four Modernizations' were goals set by Deng Xiaoping in 1978 to strengthen China's economy after the Cultural Revolution. They focused on modernizing the following four areas:

1. Agriculture

2. Industry

3. Science and Technology

4. National Defense

Democracy was not a part of the Four Modernizations.

Thus, statements 1 (Agriculture), 2 (Industry), and 3 (Science and Technology) are correct.
Statement 4 (Democracy) is incorrect.

Information Booster:

Details of the Four Modernizations:

• Agriculture: Introduction of market-oriented reforms, family responsibility system.
• Industry: Focus on heavy industries, inviting foreign investments and technology.
• Science and Technology: Emphasis on education reforms, sending students abroad.
• National Defense: Modernizing the armed forces, improving military technology.