Correct option is B
Agriculture became a common knowledge for food in Mesopotamia in the 7000 BCE millennium.
The earliest evidence of agriculture (domestication of plants like wheat and barley) in the broader Fertile Crescent region, which includes northern Mesopotamia, dates back to the 10th millennium BCE (around 9500 BCE) with the early Neolithic cultures.
However, a way of life based on farming and settled villages was firmly established in the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys (Mesopotamia) by 7000 BCE (the 7th millennium BCE). This marks the point when agriculture transitioned from early experimentation to a common and stable basis for food production and settlement.
Period | Approximate Date Range | Development Stage |
Early Agriculture (Near East) | c. 9500 BCE | First domestication of wild cereals in the Levant/Fertile Crescent highlands. |
Agriculture Common in Mesopotamia | c. 7000 BCE | Farming and settled village life well-established in the Tigris-Euphrates valleys (Neolithic). |
Large-Scale Irrigation | c. 6000 BCE | First archaeological signs of irrigation in central Mesopotamia (Samarra culture). |
First Cities | c. 4000 BCE | Emergence of the first cities in Southern Mesopotamia (Sumer), supported by advanced irrigation-based agriculture. |
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