Which of the following tests is often used in clinical psychology and psychiatric assessments?

Correct option is B

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a widely used diagnostic tool in clinical psychology for assessing mental health disorders. It is often employed to evaluate personality structure and to identify psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia.

Information Booster:

MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory)
The MMPI is one of the most widely used psychological assessments to evaluate personality traits and psychopathology. It is often used in clinical settings, including diagnosing mental disorders, evaluating personality disorders, and in some legal and occupational contexts.

Key Features:
● Purpose: The MMPI is designed to assess various psychological conditions, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and personality disorders.
● Structure: The MMPI consists of a large set of true/false questions that ask about a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
● Validity Scales: It includes scales to check for response biases, such as whether the person is answering truthfully or attempting to present themselves in an overly favorable way.
● Clinical Scales: These scales are designed to measure specific psychopathological traits, such as depression, paranoia, and hypochondriasis.

MMPI Versions:

● MMPI-2: The most commonly used version for adults. It has 567 items and is intended for individuals aged 18 and older.
● MMPI-2-RF: A revised shorter version of MMPI-2, consisting of 338 items, designed to be more efficient while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.
● MMPI-A: A version designed specifically for adolescents (ages 14-18).

Additional Information:

(A) 16 PF (Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire)
Note: It is often written as 16 PF, not "16 PP".

● Developed by: Raymond Cattell
● Purpose: Measures normal-range personality traits across 16 distinct dimensions.
● Structure: Multiple-choice self-report inventory.
● Use: Commonly used in personality assessment, career counseling, and research.
● Example traits assessed: Warmth, reasoning, emotional stability, dominance, social boldness, etc.
● Approach: Based on factor analysis to identify clusters of related behaviors.

(C) EPQ (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire)
● Developed by: Hans Eysenck and Sybil Eysenck
● Purpose: Measures three major dimensions of personality:
1. Extraversion (E) – Sociability, liveliness.
2. Neuroticism (N) – Emotional stability vs. instability.
3. Psychoticism (P) – Aggressiveness, tough-mindedness.
● Structure: Self-report questionnaire with "yes/no" items.
● Use: Popular in personality psychology, clinical and research settings.