Which of the following statements are correct?
A. 'Diegesis' is a term used by Plato to mean 'statement', and by Aristotle to mean 'narration".
B. Foucault's term 'Biopolitics' refers to the attempts of the government to rationalise the
problems.
C. 'Hypertext' is a term that refers to 'second -degree' literature made up of works which allude
to or derive from hypotext.
D. 'Desiring Machines' is a concept introduced by Antonio Gramsci
E. 'Dream Work' is a psychoanalytical term to describe the mechanism that transforms raw
material of a dream to its manifest content.
Which of the following statements are correct?

Correct option is D

The correct statements are:
· B. Foucault’s term ‘Biopolitics’ refers to the government's attempts to rationalize the issues concerning the population through regulatory controls, such as healthcare, reproduction, and life expectancy. This is a valid interpretation of Michel Foucault’s idea of biopolitics, especially in his later works.
· C. ‘Hypertext’ refers to literature composed of works derived from other texts, alluding to or evolving from a 'hypotext'—a text that serves as a base for another. It is considered second-degree literature.
· E. 'Dream Work' is a psychoanalytical concept introduced by Sigmund Freud, which refers to the process through which the latent content (raw material) of a dream is transformed into the manifest content that appears in the dream itself.
Information Booster:
1. Biopolitics is crucial in understanding the modern state’s control over citizens' health and life processes. Foucault’s idea has influenced studies in governance, sociology, and political science.
2. Hypertext is heavily used in digital literature and refers to text that can be interacted with, often leading to other texts or resources. It is a key concept in modern internet writing and hypermedia.
3. Dream Work, as outlined by Freud, suggests that dreams are a form of psychological defense mechanism where latent thoughts are converted into symbolic imagery.
4. Diegesis refers to the narrative told by the narrator, where events are relayed, not acted out, contrasting with mimesis, where the story is shown through direct action.
5. Desiring Machines by Deleuze and Guattari connects the flow of desire with mechanistic operations in both personal and societal structures.
6. Hypotext is a concept in literary theory where one text is derived from another, frequently seen in adaptations, parodies, or sequels.
Additional Information:
· A. Diegesis: The term 'Diegesis' is not used by both Plato and Aristotle in the manner described. Plato used the term to mean narration, but Aristotle differentiated between diegesis (narration) and mimesis (imitation). Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
· D. Desiring Machines: 'Desiring Machines' is a concept introduced by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in their work "Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia", not by Antonio Gramsci. This concept describes the connection between machines and desire as part of their critique of psychoanalysis and capitalism.