Which of the following are applicable to the term ‘Carnival’?
A. It became important through the work of the Russian theorist Mikhail Bakhtin.
B. It means the way in which popular humour subverts official authority in classical, medieval and renaissance texts and culture.
C. It overturns the established hierarchy and sets up a popular and democratic counterculture.
D. It brings out the serious elements in literature.
E. It is used as a critical tool for interpretation of poetry.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) A, B, and C only. The term "carnival" became important through the work of the Russian theorist Mikhail Bakhtin, who used it to describe a literary mode that subverts and liberates the assumptions of the dominant style or atmosphere through humor and chaos. Bakhtin argued that the carnivalesque is a powerful force for social change, as it allows people to temporarily overthrow the established hierarchy and create a more egalitarian and democratic society.
Carnivalesque elements can be found in many classical, medieval, and Renaissance texts and culture, as well as in modern literature and popular culture. Some examples of carnivalesque elements include:
 Grotesque and bodily imagery
 Over-the-top physical comedy
 Inversion of social roles
 Burlesque and satire
 Parody and blasphemy
The carnivalesque is often used as a critical tool for interpretation of poetry and other forms of literature. For example, critics might use the carnivalesque to analyze how a work of literature challenges social norms or subverts the dominant ideology.
Options D and E are not applicable to the term "carnival." The carnivalesque does not bring out the serious elements in literature, and it is not used specifically for interpretation of poetry. Therefore, the correct answer is (a) A, B, and C only.