Which British officer fought in the famous Battle of Chinhat?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Henry Lawrence

Explanation:

The Battle of Chinhat was fought on 30 June 1857, during the Revolt of 1857, near Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.

Information Booster:

• The British forces were led by Sir Henry Lawrence, the British Resident at Lucknow.
• He led a small British force against the rebel sepoys but suffered a significant defeat.
• This battle marked the beginning of the Siege of the British Residency in Lucknow, where Henry Lawrence was mortally wounded and died shortly after on 4 July 1857.

Additional Knowledge:

Sir Colin Campbell: Played a key role in relieving the siege of Lucknow later in 1857.

Warren Hastings (Governor-General of Bengal: 1773–1785):
First Governor-General of Bengal.

Key Reforms

Administrative Reforms:

• Abolished Dual Government (1772) was instituted by Clive.
• Established the Board of Revenue in Calcutta.
• Shifted the capital of Bengal from Murshidabad to Calcutta.
• Introduced the Policy of Ring Fence to create buffer zones against Marathas and Afghans.

Judicial Reforms:

• Ended Zamindari judicial powers.
• Set up District Diwani and Fauzdari Adalats for civil and criminal cases.
• Established Sadar Diwani Adalat (civil appeals) and Sadar Nizamat Adalat (criminal appeals).
• Founded the Supreme Court at Calcutta (1774) via the Regulating Act of 1773.

Trade Reforms:

• Abolished Dastaks (free passes) in 1775.
• Restricted private trade by company officials.
• Imposed 2.5% uniform tariff on goods to ensure fairness.